This restructured version of the Common European Framework of reference for language learning, teaching and assessment represents the latest stage in a process which has been actively pursued since 1971 and owes much to the collaboration of many members of the teaching profession across Europe and beyond.The Council of Europe therefore acknowledges with gratitude the contribution made by: • The Project Group Language Learning for European Citizenship, representing all member countries of the Council for Cultural Co-operation with Canada as a participating observer,for their general oversight of its development. • The Working Party set up by the Project Group, with twenty representatives from member countries representing the different professional interests concerned, as well as representatives of the European Commission and its lingua programme, for their invaluable advice and supervision of the project